About
The positive development of young people through sport is an approach from the positive psychology movement that supports the need to develop activities, strategies and goals intentionally designed to help young people move to adulthood with the skills deemed necessary to community life (Lerner, 2003). One important sports agent in the development of young people is the coach, considered the most influential non-parental agent (Côté, 1999).
The ProjectSCORE! (Sport COnnect and REspect) started in 2011 and is an online resource in which strategies are synthesised so that coaches and parents can promote young people development and align efforts (Strachan et al., 2011). This online resource focuses on four concepts - competence, trust, character, and connections. These concepts result from the work of Lerner (2003), which supported other studies in this area (e.g. Côté & Turnnidge, 2014; Strachan et al., 2016), who suggested that contexts intended to facilitate young people development should integrate these concepts. The SCORE! has been studied to analyse the utility for trainers (Strachan et al., 2016), and the experiences of these agents have been investigated in the use of the instrument through quantitative and qualitative designs (Strachan et al., 2014; al., 2015). The results point to the importance of the device as a tool for continuous training for coaches to help them develop strategies to promote young people development and to reflect on possible implementation proposals to be used in their sports contexts (McCallister, Blinde, & Weiss, 2000; Mulholland, 2008). However, this tool was not available in Portuguese (i..e, a process underway and funded by inED in 2017), and preliminary results of studies developed in Portugal with ProjetoSCORE! considered the need to present the material in Portuguese as one of the difficulties of the participants. Throughout 2017, two studies have been developed and are now being prepared for publication, namely: (a) case study about the experience of a teacher-coach in the use of ProjectSCORE! over a full academic year - Fernando Santos, Leisha Strachan and Karl Erickson; (b) a theoretical article about the need to develop research designs involving interventions with agents other than trainers (e.g., parents) - Fernando Santos, Leisha Strachan and Dan Gould.
In this project, it is suggested to implement the SCORE! to coaches and parents in the Portuguese context, because the tool will soon be available in Portuguese. This study will involve 20 coaches and 20 parents and will be complemented with another study to analyse parents' perceptions regarding the usefulness of ProjectSCORE!.
In this context, it is necessary to investigate the area of positive development through sport in Portugal, specifically how coaches and parents can access strategies considered relevant to achieve this type of learning outcomes, allowing to promote the 'redundancy' enunciated by Benson (1997) in the process of youth development. Although the research points to the need for moderate involvement of parents in sport (Averill & Power, 1995), most of these agents are too involved in these contexts (Fraser-Thomas et al., 2013). In fact, there are certain negative behaviours of the parents as the pressure to obtain sports performance (Holt et al., 2009). Thus, research reinforces the need to help parents increase the quality of youth development experiences in a sports setting (Knight et al., 2011). ProjectSCORE! integrates a part destined to the parents denominated 'Area of the Parents' that intends to present useful resources that reinforce the intervention of the trainers. So, this project aims to understand the effects of ProjectSCORE! in the perceptions and actions of coaches and parents